Chronic Inflammation and Heart Disease
Chronic inflammatory conditions, such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, and other autoimmune disorders, have far-reaching effects on the body. While the focus is often how these conditions impact the joints or skin, one of the most significant — and often overlooked — areas affected is the heart. Understanding the link between chronic inflammation and heart disease is crucial for patients managing both types of conditions.
The link between chronic inflammation and heart disease
When the immune system remains activated for long periods, it leads to persistent, low-grade inflammation. This type of inflammation can damage blood vessels and arteries, which promotes the buildup of plaque in the arteries (atherosclerosis) and increases the risk of heart disease. Over time, this can contribute to coronary artery disease, heart attacks, and strokes.
For those living with chronic inflammatory conditions, the risk of developing cardiovascular disease is higher. Conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and lupus are known to accelerate the process of atherosclerosis. In fact, studies have shown that individuals with these conditions are more likely to experience heart disease at a younger age than those without.
How inflammation impacts the heart
Chronic inflammation affects the cardiovascular system in several significant ways. As noted above, if ongoing inflammation damages blood vessels and causes atherosclerosis, the accumulated plaque will restrict the flow of oxygen-rich blood and increase the risk of heart attack or stroke.
Prolonged inflammation can also damage the heart muscle itself, a condition known as cardiomyopathy. When inflammation affects the heart muscle, it can make it harder for the heart to pump blood effectively, which reduces its efficiency and can potentially lead to heart failure.
Furthermore, chronic inflammation can trigger the blood to become more prone to clotting. This poses a significant threat, as clots can block blood flow to the heart and cause a heart attack.
How to reduce the risk of heart disease with inflammatory conditions
While chronic inflammation can increase the risk of heart disease, there are several steps individuals with inflammatory conditions can take to reduce their risk. First and foremost, working with a healthcare provider is key to managing both the inflammatory condition and heart health. Medications to manage inflammation, such as anti-inflammatory drugs or biologics, can help reduce the risk of heart disease and prevent further complications.
Adopting a heart-healthy diet is another important step. Foods that support cardiovascular health, like fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats, help counteract the damaging effects of inflammation. Regular exercise is also essential, as physical activity reduces inflammation in the body, improves circulation, and lowers blood pressure — all of which are important for heart health. Aiming for moderate-intensity exercise, such as walking or swimming, for at least 150 minutes per week is beneficial.
Additionally, monitoring blood pressure and cholesterol is essential, as chronic inflammation can contribute to high blood pressure and elevated cholesterol levels. Regular checkups can help you stay on top of these factors and reduce your risk of heart disease.
Managing stress is another important aspect. Stress is a known trigger for inflammation, so practicing relaxation techniques like deep breathing, yoga, or mindfulness can help keep stress levels in check and reduce inflammation in the body.
Protect your heart while managing chronic inflammation
Living with a chronic inflammatory condition doesn’t mean you have to accept a higher risk of heart disease. By taking proactive steps to reduce inflammation, manage stress, and protect your cardiovascular health, you can help reduce the risk of heart disease and improve your overall well-being.
At Oklahoma Heart Hospital, we are committed to helping individuals with chronic inflammatory conditions manage their heart health. If you have a condition like rheumatoid arthritis or lupus and are concerned about your heart, contact our experts for a comprehensive evaluation.